Manganese is a co-factor necessary for the activation of glycosyltransferase enzymes which play a important role in the production of healthy cartilage, synovial fluid (lubricating fluid for the joints), and bone tissue. A manganese deficiency results in reduced synovial fluid production, abnormal bone, cartilage, and disc degeneration due to inadequate cartilage formation in the disc. Also, it is necessary for the forming and maintaining of strong elastic muscles.

Manganese supplementation can increase the activity of the antioxidant enzyme SOD (Super Oxide Dismutase). SOD prevents the bad effects of the super oxide free radical from destroying cellular components such as cartilage which lead to damage and inflammation. 1